Dolutegravir is a medication used in the treatment of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs known as integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs).

Dolutegravir works by inhibiting the integrase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of the HIV virus. By blocking this enzyme, dolutegravir helps to prevent the integration of the viral DNA into the DNA of human cells, thereby reducing the viral load and slowing down the progression of HIV infection.

The medication is typically taken orally in the form of tablets. It is often prescribed as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), which involves using multiple drugs to target different stages of the HIV life cycle. The specific combination and dosage of drugs are determined by the healthcare provider based on the individual’s HIV strain, treatment history, and other factors.

Common side effects of dolutegravir may include headache, nausea, diarrhea, and insomnia. More serious side effects, such as allergic reactions or liver problems, can occur but are less common. Regular monitoring of liver function and viral load may be recommended during treatment.

Dolutegravir should only be used under the guidance and prescription of a qualified healthcare professional experienced in the treatment of HIV infection. It may interact with other medications, so it is important to inform the healthcare provider about all medications being taken, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

In summary, dolutegravir is a medication used in the treatment of HIV infection. It inhibits the integrase enzyme to reduce the viral load and slow down the progression of HIV. Regular monitoring and adherence to healthcare provider instructions are important during dolutegravir treatment.

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